Professor Howard Eichenbaum explains that encoding and retrieving memories are distinct neurobiological processes.
Transcript:
Encoding and retrieval are fundamentally separate stages that we have in the processes of memory. So during encoding, we’re acquiring information. That’s a perceptually driven process in which we acquire information and form representations that are embodied in the activity of neurons in the brain.
During retrieval, somehow we have to reactivate those neural representations, which we believe then reactivates our conscious awareness of what it was we’ve seen before and we retrieve information.
Doctor Josh Dubnau explains that memories may be present (encoded) but not accessible (retrievable). Scientists have devised a number of experiments for teasing apart encoding from retrieval.
Doctor Josh Dubnau explains that memories seem to be formed in different stages that evolve over time. These include acquisition, short-term storage, and consolidation.
Doctor Josh Dubnau describes how he and his colleagues at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory devised an experiment that dissociated the encoding and retrieval of memory in fruit flies.
Professor Howard Eichenbaum outlines the importance of HM to memory research. Following his death in December 2008, HM's real name was revealed as Henry Gustav Molaison.