Studies following the male lineage (using the Y chromosome) have been compared to studies following the female lineage (using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)). The results suggest that men and women have had different roles in the peopling of the planet and in the mixing of genes among population groups.
(DNAi location: Applications > Gene genealogy > Tracing ancestries > Using genetic tools together)
Keywords:
paternal family tree,male lineage,maternal inheritance,y chromosome,mtdna,genetic tools,location applications,population groups,animated image,mitochondria,pedigree,ancestry,genes,dna,men and women
This illustration shows the two major mitochondrial DNA lineages. The lower branch includes only African populations. The upper branch has both African and non-African members.
Unlike nuclear DNA, mtDNA is  inherited solely from the mother. (Mitochondria are predominantly from the motherâs egg and not from the fatherâs sperm.) Therefore, mtDNA sequences or orders of nucleotides generally remain constant over many generation
DNA found in the mitochondrion of a cell differs in structure and is separate from the DNA found in the cell nucleus. Mitochondrial DNA, or mtDNA, exists as a circular loop of double-stranded DNA rather than the linear form found in nuclear DNA. However,