The pedigree, a chart tracing the inheritance of one or more traits through a family, was a primary tool of eugenics research and education. After "scoring" each family member for the presence or absence of a given trait, the researcher attempted to discern a pattern consistent with one of three basic modes of Mendelian inheritance dominant, recessive, or sex-limited (X-linked). Some eugenical information was submitted voluntarily on questionnaires; some was collated from records of mental hospitals, prisons, and poorhouses.