The mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, has become an important model organism for the study of insect – parasite interactions and innate immune responses.
Transcript:
Anopheles gambiae has become an important model organism for the study of insect – parasite interactions and innate immune responses to a protozoan parasite. When investigating the molecular responses of vertebrate epithelial cells to parasite invasion, the mosquito is an excellent model organism. Studies of innate immunity in insects and vertebrates are merging as new information confirms the extent of evolutionary conservation in the signaling pathways mediating immune responses.
A human is a complicated organism, and it is considered unethical to do many kinds of experiments on human subjects. For these reasons, biologists often use simpler “model” organisms that are easy to keep and manipulate in the laboratory.
Professor David Anderson explains that the mushroom body is a structure in the insect brain involved in learning and memory. It has been compared to the cerebral cortex in humans.
Each model organism has its own advantages and disadvantages. Choosing an appropriate model depends on the question being asked. Many laboratories find it useful to perform parallel experiments in two or more model systems to understand different aspects
Model organisms such as yeast, bacteria, the mouse and the fruit fly are used by researchers to study biological systems. The genomes of these organisms have been mapped and sequenced.
Students work through a series of experiments that investigate the use of model organisms in the search for a better understanding of the genes that influence memory formation.